operation. Applications in areas such as storage cloud, music cloud, media cloud, game
cloud, reading cloud are gaining more recognition. Personal cloud services are also entering
into an outbreak period.
Moreover, in the midst of themes like urbanization, industrialization, and information
technology integration, cloud computing will become the foundation platform, service
mechanism, future construction model, and the assurance for the quality and service level
for high urbanization for smart city, along with the maturing industrial environment and rising
market awareness.
The construction of the smart city includes cloud application services in public areas such as
transportation, medical care, education, community, and security, as well as urban life and
social management. Some developed regions have adopted cloud computing for
e-government and community information systems; and actively develop innovated cloud
applications in urban management, e-government, park services, health care, Internet,
education, and financial. In the integration of industrialization and information area, cloud
computing will help enterprises to reduce IT costs, and improve performance. Private cloud
became the focus of the information construction of large enterprises. Large enterprises in
areas such as finance, telecommunications, energy, power, and pharmaceutical have begun
adopting cloud services as part of their enterprise IT construction process. In varying
degrees, different public cloud services are being used by all enterprises.
6.1.1
Changes to Cloud services business model and challenges for
development
End-to-end services represent the majority format of business services under the traditional
business model. While in the cloud technology era, the additional element of cloud in
business services formed the "end point to cloud to end point” service model. This change of
service pattern enabled the internalization of the basic services such as the complex
technology, structure, platform that enterprises face daily, to the cloud. In the cloud, the
complexity is removed and it becomes a professional service offered by a specific service
provider. This will allow the enterprises to design, develop, and provide services to benefit
the end users, and can bring better quality, highly efficient, and friendlier applications to the
end users. Although the products or services reach the end points, they contain a lot of cloud
applications that are the integration of the cloud and the end points.
In the industrial chain and ecosystem in the cloud environment, the business model relying
on cloud services, via the reintegration of industry resources, a new kind of service providers
emerge - cloud service providers, who offered different classes of services through a brand
